Blackberry Shrub
Vanhoutt Spfraea is a hybrid shrub, a cross between two Asian species: S. cantoniensis x S. trilobata. Of arching habit, it attains a height of 1.5-2 m. The twigs are brownish, the buds small and pointed. It is covered with small flat clusters of white flowers in late May and the first half of June, the fruits maturing and splitting at the end of July.
The berries of this species are firmly attached to the receptacle so that, unlike the raspberry, when ripe they are plucked off together. This is a large species comprising several hundred subspecies distributed throughout Europe, Asia and America. It grows in western, central and northern Europe, its range extending eastward to the Volga River. It is plentiful in lowlands and hilly country but does not grow at elevations above 800 m.
The wealth of flowers is influenced by the amount of light, otherwise the shrub does not require particularly rich or moist soil. It is easily propagated by means of softwood and hardwood cuttings. Early spring (April) is the time when flowers are borne by the related species S. thunbergii, S. arguta and S. crenata.
The willow spiraea is an erect suckering shrub growing to a height of 1-2 m. The twigs are yellow brown, the buds small (2-3 mm) and bluntly ovate. Qld shoots are dark brown and tend to peel. The dense spiky panicles of tiny pink, sometimes white, flowers do riot appear until .June and July. The small seed pods mature from the end of July to September, when they split to release the minute seeds.
Widespread throughout most of Europe, it grows in central Europe from lowland to mountain elevations up to 1000 m. It occurs in abundance at the edges of woods, in thickets on sun- warmed hillsides, by the wayside and in pastures. It is most plentiful in warmth-loving communities on dry, sunny banks. It requires abundant light and loamy soils, but does not need much moisture.
This woodland shrub is widespread in western, central and northern Europe. It grows both in lowlands and on mountains up to elevations of 1800 m. It requires abundant light and therefore is most plentiful in forest clearings and at the margins of woods where there is good soil rich in humus. It is easily and quickly propagated by root suckers. The berries are used to make juices, desserts and jams. Cultivated varieties with large berries are grown in gardens and as a field crop.
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